California Secessionists are Taking a Step Towards Independence

The ballot initiative for California to potentially secede from the United States was cleared to start gathering signatures on January 23, 2025; however, this is not the first time secession has been attempted in the Golden State. To date, California has experienced more than 220 attempts to divide or secede since its statehood in 1850. These attempts, largely fueled by grievances surrounding taxation, cultural, and political differences, illuminate the stark divide between the urban, liberal coastal areas and the more conservative rural and inland regions.

If enacted, the measure would place a question on the November 2028 ballot asking: "Should California leave the United States and become a free and independent country?" For the initiative to pass, it would require at least 50% voter participation with 55% voting "yes". If the measure passes, a 20-member state commission would convene to study California's viability as an independent country, with a report expected the following year.

Secession is not legally permitted under the U.S. Constitution. The Supreme Court's ruling in Texas v. White (1869) established that states cannot unilaterally secede. Any secession would require the consent of Congress and three-fourths of the states.

Secession has the potential to create a logistical nightmare for California, leaving the state economically isolated and losing access to federal aid and social services like Medicare and Social Security. California would also have to manage its own currency, border security, and trade negotiations in addition to overseeing and maintaining its own infrastructure.